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评述了典型认知模型及其在人因可靠性分析中的应用。首先,强调了在人因可靠性分析中使用认知模型的必要性;然后,介绍了认知心理学、行为科学等学科所建立的几种典型认知模型,包括信息处理模型、决策过程的阶梯模型和通用认知模型,分别分析了它们的基本结构和功能,讨论了各自的优缺点;随后,介绍了几种人因可靠性分析方法中所建立或使用的认知模型,包括HCR方法使用的SRK框架、ATHEANA方法使用的信息处理模型、CREAM方法建立的COCOM模型以及IDAC方法构建的IDA模型,分别分析了这些模型的特点;最后,提出了建立认知模型所要遵循的基本原则,并展望了认知模型的未来发展方向。
The typical cognitive model is reviewed and its application in human reliability analysis. First of all, the necessity of using cognitive model in human reliability analysis is emphasized. Then, several typical cognitive models of cognitive psychology and behavioral science are introduced, including information processing model, decision-making process Ladder model and general cognitive model, analyzed their basic structure and function respectively, and discussed their advantages and disadvantages respectively. Subsequently, several cognitive models established or used in human reliability analysis method were introduced, including HCR method The SRK framework used, the information processing model used by the ATHEANA method, the COCOM model established by the CREAM method and the IDA model constructed by the IDAC method, and the characteristics of these models are analyzed respectively. Finally, the basic principles to be followed in establishing the cognitive model are proposed Looking forward to the cognitive model of the future direction of development.