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神经眼科学涵盖所有原发性或继发性神经系统损害而临床表现为眼部症状的疾病。该领域近年来研究进展迅 速,但很多临床问题尚待解决。本文仅重点概述几个常见的临床疾病研究进展。特发性脱髓鞘性视神经炎与多发性硬化关系密 切,预防从前者向后者的转化非常关键。目前尚无大规模临床试验证明有效的治疗缺血性视神经病的方法。在更多的DNA点突 变被发现与Leber遗传性视神经病(LHON)相关同时,成功的实验性基因治疗为未来临床治疗LHON提供了可能。特发性颅内 高压和其视神经损害的治疗强调个体化。早期免疫治疗对于减少重症肌无力从眼肌型向全身型转化的作用目前仍在探讨中。
Neuro-ophthalmology covers all diseases of the primary or secondary nervous system that are clinically manifest as ocular symptoms. In recent years, the research in this area has made rapid progress, but many clinical problems have yet to be solved. This article highlights only a few common clinical disease advances. Idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis are closely related to prevent the conversion from the former to the latter is critical. There are currently no large-scale clinical trials that have proven effective in the treatment of ischemic optic neuropathy. While more DNA point mutations have been found to correlate with Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), successful experimental gene therapy has made it possible to prospectively treat LHON in the future. Treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and its optic nerve damage emphasizes individualism. The role of early immunotherapy in reducing myasthenia gravis from the ocular to systemic transformation is still under investigation.