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戊型肝炎是由戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)引起的一种急性病毒性肝炎。虽然它在全球都有发病报告,但主要发病于亚洲和非洲的一些发展国家。我国也是戊型肝炎的高发区。部分地区曾有暴发报告。戊型肝炎的特点与甲型肝炎相似,主要传播途径为粪-口传播。戊型肝炎的暴发也具有一定的季节性,尤其在多雨的地带,最容易暴发。戊型肝炎有较高的病死率,尤其对于孕妇、老年人。近年的研究显示,人们对于戊型肝炎的认识还远远不足,我们必须加强对HEV感染的重视,要做到尽早诊断,尽早治疗,及时隔离传染源,快速控制传播。本文就戊型肝炎的一些诊断方法进行评述。
Hepatitis E is an acute viral hepatitis caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV). Although it has incidence reports worldwide, it is mainly found in some developing countries in Asia and Africa. China is also a high incidence of hepatitis E. There have been reports of outbreaks in some areas. Hepatitis E is similar in character to Hepatitis A, with the main route of transmission being fecal-oral transmission. Hepatitis E outbreaks are also seasonal, especially in rainy regions, where the outbreak is most vulnerable. Hepatitis E has a higher case fatality rate, especially for pregnant women and the elderly. Recent studies have shown that people’s awareness of hepatitis E is still far from enough. We must pay more attention to HEV infection. Therefore, we must make early diagnosis, treat as soon as possible, isolate sources of infection in time and control spread rapidly. This article reviews some of the diagnostic methods for hepatitis E.