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目的分析探讨多参数流式细胞术在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)早期诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析64例MM确诊患者初诊时,流式细胞术、骨髓涂片细胞形态学检查、血清蛋白电泳和免疫固定电泳等实验室检查结果,比较各结果阳性率及在MM早期诊断、分型中的优劣。结果 64例MM患者中62例(96.88%)经流式细胞术检出异常浆细胞(a PC);56例(87.50%)血清免疫固定电泳呈阳性,其中Ig G型占35.94%,Ig A型占18.75%,轻链型占29.69%。45例细胞形态学检查见骨髓瘤细胞,比例为7.5%~90.0%,相对应的流式细胞术检出的瘤细胞比例为1.17%~72.31%,两者呈正相关(r=0.755,P<0.01)。4种方法对MM的检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.04,P<0.01)。结论多参数流式细胞术是MM早期诊断最敏感方法,但4种方法结合将更有利于诊断。
Objective To investigate the value of multi-parameter flow cytometry in the early diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM). Methods A retrospective analysis of 64 cases of MM-diagnosed patients at the first visit, the flow cytometry, bone marrow smear morphology test, serum protein electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis and other laboratory test results, the positive rate of each comparison and in the early diagnosis of MM, The pros and cons of the type. Results Sixty-six patients (96.88%) with MM were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). Fifty-six patients (87.50%) had positive immunofixation, of which Ig G type accounted for 35.94% Type accounted for 18.75%, light chain accounted for 29.69%. 45 cases of myeloma cells morphological examination, the ratio was 7.5% to 90.0%, corresponding to the flow cytometry detected tumor cells was 1.17% ~ 72.31%, both were positively correlated (r = 0.755, P < 0.01). There was a significant difference in the detection rate of MM between the four methods (χ2 = 20.04, P <0.01). Conclusion Multiparameter flow cytometry is the most sensitive method for early diagnosis of MM, but the combination of the four methods will be more conducive to diagnosis.