我国是一个海洋国家,东、南部面对辽阔的海洋,拥有长达18000多公里的海岸线。在这条海岸线后面的沿海地区,集居着占全国40％以上的人口,建设了上千个港口、都市,形成了繁荣的经济带。而在这众多的沿海人口中,以地域、省域、县域为界,流行着众多的汉语方言,自成体系,从大的方面说,我国的汉语方言可分为10种:官话、晋语、吴语、湘语、闽语、粤语、赣语、徽语、客家话和平话。从分布地域说,晋语、赣语、徽语、客家话和平话属于内陆方言,吴语、闽语、粤语属于沿海方言;而官话分布地域较广,内陆、沿海均有分布。就沿海方言来说,长江口是一个分界线,形成官话和吴、闽、粤语两大区域。长江口以南的上海、浙江沿海地区通行吴语;福建沿海、广东东部沿海,西部雷州半岛、台湾省、海南省主要通行闽 As a maritime country, our country faces a vast ocean in the east and south and has a coastline of more than 18,000 kilometers. In this coastal area behind the coastline, there are more than 40% of the population living in the country, thousands of ports and cities built, and a prosperous economic belt has formed. Among these numerous coastal populations, there are many Chinese dialects prevailing in the regions, provinces, and counties, and are self-contained systems. From a large perspective, Chinese dialects can be divided into 10 types: Mandarin, Jin , Wu, Xiang, Min Dialect, Cantonese, Gan, Hui, Hakka and Pinghua. In terms of geographical distribution, Jin dialect, Gan dialect, Hui dialect, Hakka dialect and Ping dialect belonged to inland dialects. Wu dialects, Min dialects and Cantonese belonged to the coastal dialect. Mandarin dialects were widely distributed in both inland and coastal areas. As far as the coastal dialect is concerned, the mouth of the Yangtze River Estuary is a dividing line that forms two major regions, namely, the official dialect and Wu, Min and Cantonese. The Changjiang Estuary south of Shanghai, Zhejiang coast of Wuyin; Fujian coast, the eastern coast of Guangdong, western Leizhou Peninsula, Taiwan Province, Hainan Province, the main access to Fujian