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目的分析广州市南沙区2014年登革热疫情的流行特征,为今后开展登革热防治工作提供参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2014年南沙区登革热疫情资料进行分析。结果 2014年6-12月南沙区发生登革热疫情,共报告病例483例,累计发病率为77.26/10万,无死亡病例。首发病例于6月11日发病,末例病例于11月30日发病,疫情持续172 d。病例发病时间呈现出两个高峰,分别是7月下旬和9月中旬至10月上旬。男244例,女239例,男女性别比为1.02∶1。发病年龄集中在20~49岁年龄组,共报告308例(63.77%)。病例职业分布以农民、工人为主。疫情流行期间全区平均布雷图指数、平均房屋指数、平均容器指数最高分别达24.35、18.05和22.78。结论 2014年南沙区登革热疫情历时较长,是该地区历史上最为严重的一次疫情;同时加强病例和媒介监测是控制登革热疫情的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of dengue fever in 2014 in Nansha District, Guangzhou City, and provide reference for prevention and control of dengue fever in the future. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of dengue fever in Nansha district in 2014. Results In June-December 2014, a dengue outbreak occurred in Nansha District. A total of 483 cases were reported, with a cumulative incidence rate of 77.26 / 100,000 and no deaths. The first case of onset on June 11, the last case of onset on November 30, the epidemic continued for 172 days. Case onset time showed two peaks, respectively, in late July and mid-September to early October. There were 244 males and 239 females with a sex ratio of 1.02: 1. The age of onset concentrated in the 20 to 49 age group, a total of 308 cases reported (63.77%). Occupational distribution of cases to farmers, mainly workers. During the epidemic, the average Bretton Woods index, average housing index and average container index reached 24.35, 18.05 and 22.78 respectively. Conclusion The dengue fever epidemic in Nansha Prefecture took a long time in 2014, which is the most serious epidemic in the history of the region. Strengthening the monitoring of cases and the media is the key to controlling the epidemic of dengue fever.