1.引言外语学科在我国高等教育学科体系中占有十分重要的地位。新中国成立以来,国家高度重视外语学科的建设与发展,创办了以“外国语”命名的多所高等院校。此外,目前国内开设英语专业的普通高等院校已达900多所,英国语言文学硕士点200多个,外国语言文学博士点40多个。仅以普通高校本 1. Introduction Foreign language disciplines occupy a very important position in the disciplinary system of higher education in our country. Since the founding of New China, the state has attached great importance to the construction and development of foreign language disciplines, and founded a number of institutions of higher learning named after “foreign languages”. In addition, at present, there are more than 900 regular colleges and universities offering English majors in China, over 200 master’s degrees in English language and literature, and more than 40 doctoral programs in foreign languages ​​and literature. Only ordinary colleges and universities