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目的了解校外青少年艾滋病知识知晓情况、行为学特征和艾滋病病毒(HIV)、梅毒、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的感染情况,分析艾滋病知晓的影响因素,为在该人群中开展针对性防制措施提供依据。方法采用非概率方便抽样,对从社区、网吧、游戏厅、工厂等场所招募的校外青少年进行艾滋病知识和行为特征问卷调查,并采集脉血进行检测。结果 1346名校外青少年平均年龄(20.9±2.2)岁,53.6%为初中及以下文化,艾滋病知识知晓率为55.8%。44.4%承认发生过性行为,首次性行为安全套使用率为32.1%,最近一次性行为安全套使用率为35.3%。血液检测发现HIV抗体阳性2人,阳性率为0.15%;梅毒、HCV抗体检测未发现阳性者。多因素分析发现,年龄、文化程度、是否常上网等,对艾滋病知晓的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论校外青少年HIV感染率、艾滋病知识知晓率均较低,应针对该人群年龄小、文化程度低、常上网等特点,加强艾滋病健康教育和行为干预,预防HIV在校外青少年中传播。
Objective To understand the knowledge of HIV / AIDS, behavior characteristics and the infection of HIV, syphilis and HCV in out-of-school adolescents and to analyze the influencing factors of HIV / AIDS awareness so as to provide targeted prevention and control measures in this population Provide evidence. Methods A non-probabilistic and convenient sampling method was used to survey AIDS knowledge and behavioral characteristics among out-of-school adolescents recruited from communities, cybercafes, game halls, factories and other venues. Blood samples were collected for detection. Results The average age of 1346 off-campus adolescents (20.9 ± 2.2) years old, 53.6% of them were middle school and below, and the awareness rate of AIDS was 55.8%. 44.4% admitted having had sexual intercourse, the rate of condom use for the first time was 32.1% and the rate of condom use for the last time was 35.3%. Blood test found that two HIV-positive, the positive rate of 0.15%; syphilis, HCV antibody test found no positive. Multivariate analysis found that age, educational level, whether the Internet is often, the impact of AIDS awareness was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The out-of-school adolescent rates of HIV infection and HIV / AIDS awareness are relatively low. HIV / AIDS education and behavioral interventions should be strengthened to prevent the spread of HIV among out-of-school adolescents in view of such characteristics as young age, low education level and frequent internet access.