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在亚里士多德的思想体系中,由柏拉图所揭示的“哲学-政治”张力问题被转化为“沉思生活”与“政治生活”两者何以能实现幸福的相关追问。亚里士多德认为,哲学沉思固然是求得至善的根本途径,实践活动也能达到最终目的。然而,在两种生活之间能否一致、以何种方式共处等具体问题上,当前的研究存在极大争议。结合亚里士多德的思想体系所贯穿的功能论方法论可以发现,沉思生活与政治生活呈现为兼容的等级关系。幸福观的一致性是德性统一性思想的前提,且能为两种生活之间可能存在的冲突提供合理的回应方式。
In Aristotle’s ideological system, the issue of “philosophical-political” tensions revealed by Plato is translated into the question of why “pensive life” and “political life” can achieve happiness . Aristotle believes that philosophical contemplation is, of course, the fundamental way to find the best, and practical activities can achieve their ultimate goal. However, the current research is very controversial on specific issues such as the ability of the two kinds of life to be consistent and how to live together. Combined with Aristotle’s ideological system through the methodology of functional theory can be found, contemplation and political life showed a compatible hierarchical relationship. The consistency of the concept of happiness is the premise of the idea of the unity of virtue and can provide a reasonable response to the possible conflicts between the two kinds of life.