十九世纪法国史学家兼批评家丹纳的《艺术哲学》,一九六三年由我国著名翻译家傅雷先生翻译并出版。这本著作主要观点是:人类早期艺术形成主要是模仿事物的外表,然后有物质模仿和理性模仿区分,理性模仿开始对物质模仿进行抽象提炼,后受风俗习惯和时代因素影响,人类的精神世界介入艺术创作中,物质模仿逐渐被淘汰。此种论述虽不能作为本文的重要佐证,但以此作为观照,来分析“象”在传统书法艺术中的行踪流变,颇有启迪作用。 Nineteenth-century French historian and critic Danner’s “Philosophy of Art” was first translated and published in 1963 by our famous translator, Mr. Fu Lei. The main idea of ​​this book is: the formation of early human art is to imitate the appearance of things, then the material imitation and rational imitation of the distinction, rational imitation began to abstract the material imitation, after the influence of customs and the times, the human spirit of the world Intervening in artistic creation, material imitation gradually eliminated. Although this argument can not be used as an important proof of this article, it is quite enlightening to analyze the whereabouts of “Xiang ” in traditional calligraphy art.