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模拟河道洪水运动的现有圣维南方程组,因没有考虑河道下渗行为,难以满足地下水位持续偏低、河道长期干涸等受人类活动高强度作用地区的洪水模拟需要。论文推导了考虑河道下渗的圣维南方程组,采用Preissmann四点隐式差分和模块化建模技术,耦合河道汊点、闸坝群联合调度、蓄滞洪区吞吐洪水等计算模块,并遴选霍顿下渗公式为河道下渗模拟方法,构建了考虑河道下渗的河网洪水模拟模型。将该模型应用于海河流域漳卫河水系,采用1982、1988和1996年3场实测洪水对模型进行率定和验证;根据不同年代河道断面、设计洪水和岳城水库的不同调度方式,设计了8种情景进行模拟,得出如下结论:综合考虑河道下渗与设计洪水变化,50年一遇设计洪水恩县洼可以不启用,河道行洪最高水位下降0.03~0.20 m,这对流域洪水出路的科学安排与防洪格局调整具有重要指导意义。
The existing Saint-Venant equations, which simulate river floods, can not meet the need of flood simulation in areas with high intensity of human activities, such as continuous low groundwater level and long-term river channel dryness due to the failure to consider infiltration. In this paper, we derive the Saint-Venant equations which consider the infiltration of the river. Preissmann four-point implicit difference and modular modeling techniques are used to couple the calculation models of the channel points, the joint operation of the sluice dam group, The Horton infiltration formula is a simulation method for infiltration of the river, and a river network flood simulation model considering the infiltration of the river is constructed. The model was applied to the Zhangwei River system in the Haihe River Basin. The model was calibrated and verified by three measured floods in 1982, 1988 and 1996. According to the different sections of the river course, design flood and Yuecheng Reservoir in different years, the model was designed 8 scenarios, the following conclusions are drawn: Considering the infiltration of river and the design flood, the design flood in 50 years can not be turned off and the maximum water level in flood discharge decreases by 0.03 ~ 0.20 m. The scientific arrangement and flood control structure adjustment have important guiding significance.