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[目的]分析影响黑小麦(Triticum aestivum Linn.)产量的性状间的相关性,并进行多元回归和通径分析,旨在为黑小麦的遗传改良与育种利用提供依据。[方法]以10份黑小麦品种(系)为试验材料进行农艺性状分析,并对性状之间进行简单相关分析、回归分析和通径分析。[结果]农艺性状与单株产量的相关程度依次为:穗重(0.812)>小穗数(0.635)>穗粒数(0.625)>穗长(0.540)>株高(-0.364)>千粒重(0.146);各性状对单株产量的相对重要性依次为:小穗数(6.480)>穗粒数(-6.464)>穗重(1.235)>株高(0.486)>穗长(-0.133)>千粒重(0.124),表明了农艺性状之间具有明显的制约关系。多元回归方程:Y=-0.564+0.301X3-0.300X4+1.543X5,决定系数R2=0.892,表明穗重(X5)、小穗数(X3)和穗粒数(X4)3个因素所决定的单株产量变异占产量总变异程度的89.2%。[结论]协调好各农艺性状与单株产量这一性状间的关系可作为黑小麦高产育种的重要筛选指标。
[Objective] The research aimed to analyze the correlation between the traits affecting the yield of black wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn.), And conduct multiple regression and path analysis to provide the basis for genetic improvement and breeding utilization of black wheat. [Method] The agronomic traits of 10 black wheat cultivars (lines) were tested. Simple correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis were used to analyze the traits. [Result] The correlations between agronomic traits and yield of single plant were as follows: spike weight (0.812)> spikelet number (0.635)> number of spikelets per plant (0.625)> spike length (0.540)> plant height (-0.364) 0.146). The relative importance of each trait to the yield per plant was as follows: spikelet number (6.480)> grain number per spike (-6.464)> panicle weight (1.235)> plant height (0.486)> spike length (-0.133) Thousand grain weight (0.124), indicating that there is a clear restriction between agronomic traits. Multiple regression equation: Y = -0.564 + 0.301X3-0.300X4 + 1.543X5, the coefficient of determination R2 = 0.892, which is determined by three factors: panicle weight (X5), number of spikelets (X3) The variation of single plant output accounted for 89.2% of the total variation of output. [Conclusion] The correlation between the traits of agronomic traits and yield per plant could be used as an important screening index for high-yield breeding of black wheat.