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树突状细胞(dendritic cells，DCs)是一群异质性群体，它来源于髓样干细胞或由淋巴样干细胞分化而来，在免疫反应及免疫耐受中起重要作用。DCs可以通过阴性选择去除胸腺内自身反应T淋巴细胞和诱导产生调节T(regulatory T，Treg)细胞来促进中枢免疫耐受的形成，也可以通过多种机制促进外周免疫耐受的形成。目前研究发现，DCs在抗肿瘤免疫中扮演重要角色。然而肿瘤微环境中的抑制性细胞因子可以下调DCs的功能，从而诱导T细胞免疫耐受，现对DCs在中枢和外周免疫耐受中的作用，以及在肿瘤免疫中的作用进行概述。“,”Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous population derived from myeloid or lymphoid stem cells, which play an important role in immune response and immune tolerance.DCs induce central immune tolerance through negative selection of autoreactive T cells and generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the thymus.In addition, they also promote the acquisition of periphery immune tolerance through various mechanisms.Recent findings found that DCs play a vital role in the priming and maintenance of anti-tumor immunity.However, inhibitory cytokines in tumor microenvironment can down regulate the function of DCS and induce T-cell immune tolerance.In this review, we discuss the role of DCs in central and peripheral immune tolerance, as well as in tumor immunity.