传染病是人类健康的重要威胁之一,及时准确地鉴定病原微生物,对流行病和突发疫情的防控具有重要意义。近年来,传染病诊断领域正面临新的技术革命,主角正是“下一代测序(next-generation sequencing,NGS)”技术,又称“大规模平行测序(massively parallel sequencing,MPS)”或“高通量测序(high-throughput sequencing,HTS)”技术[1-2]。与“上一代”测序(如Sanger测序)最大的不同在于,NGS可以在短时间内以 Infectious diseases are one of the important threats to human health. It is of great significance to identify pathogenic microorganisms in time and accurately, and to prevent and control epidemic and epidemic outbreaks. In recent years, the field of infectious disease diagnosis is facing a new technological revolution. The protagonist is the “next-generation sequencing (NGS)” technology, also known as “massively parallel sequencing (MPS) ”Or“ high-throughput sequencing (HTS) ”technology [1-2]. The biggest difference from “previous generation” sequencing (such as Sanger sequencing) is that NGS can be used in a short period of time