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肿瘤的发生包括了原癌基因的激活和肿瘤抑制基因的失活两个方面,而在各种各样的肿瘤研究中都发现伴随了不同比例的P_(53)基因的点突变或微小缺失,表明P_(53)基因起着一个肿瘤抑制基因的作用,因而P_(53)成了当前分子生物学中一个研究热点。目前已对其基因结构、功能、生物学特性以及致癌作用模式都有了相当程度的了解并有了许多突破性进展,为我们揭示癌症的发病基础、进行肿瘤早期诊断、临床治疗以及予后检测等都提供了希望。
The occurrence of oncogenes includes the activation of oncogene and the inactivation of tumor suppressor gene. However, in a variety of tumor studies, it has been found that there are point mutations or slight deletions accompanied with different proportions of P 53 gene, The results showed that the P53 gene plays a role of tumor suppressor gene, therefore, P53 has become a hot research topic in molecular biology. At present, the gene structure, function, biological characteristics and carcinogenic mode have been well understood and many breakthroughs have been made so as to reveal the basis of cancer onset, carry out early tumor diagnosis, clinical treatment and pre-test And so have provided hope.