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冲击地压瞬时释放大量积聚能量,造成巷道严重破坏,直接影响煤矿安全生产。利用爆炸加载相似模拟试验和数字散斑观测方法(DSCM),研究高速冲击载荷作用下巷道动态破坏过程。试验结果表明,高速冲击波以巷道方向传递为主,顶板处变形较大,顶板岩层与煤岩体交界处发生错动,上部岩层明显下沉,顶板岩层受拉剪破坏,裂缝逐渐发育延伸至巷道;冲击波重复作用致使顶板岩体破碎,进而造成巷道局部破坏或垮塌。数字散斑观测结果说明,在高速冲击载荷作用下,顶板产生下沉位移约为4 mm,进而冲击波向两帮传播,岩层破碎后沿表面剥离脱落,表现为散斑计算结果云图中出现白色空白区。
Rock burst instant release a large number of accumulation of energy, causing serious damage to the roadway, a direct impact on coal mine safety in production. The dynamic failure process of roadway under high-speed impact load was studied by simulating explosion-load simulations and digital speckle observation (DSCM). The test results show that the high-speed shock wave is mainly transmitted in the direction of the roadway, and the deformation of the roof is large. The boundary between the roof rock and the coal and rock mass is dislocated. The upper rock subsidence obviously sinks and the roof rock is damaged by the tensile shear. The repeated action of shock waves caused the roof rock mass to break down, which in turn led to partial destruction or collapse of the roadway. The digital speckle observation results show that under the high-speed impact load, the displacement of the top plate is about 4 mm, and then the shock wave propagates to both sides. After the rock is crushed, the surface peels off along the surface and appears as white space in the cloud computing results Area.