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以司法为基础的WTO宪法化理论主张,司法性的WTO争端解决机制提供了司法造法的宪法化路径,引导了WTO宪法化的进程。WTO的“宪法化”不仅是确立了能够作出有约束力法律决定的制度,而且通过司法解释发展出了一种宪法体系。与WTO制度宪法论和WTO权利宪法论相比,WTO司法宪法论专注于司法性争端解决机制在WTO宪法化过程中的主导地位,启发了WTO司法造法的自我建构作用和对WTO宪法化的话语影响,堪称WTO宪法化的第三条道路。而WTO争端解决机制的“司法决策”方式、“司法能动主义”以及司法化改革的三次争议,则成为WTO司法宪法论的产生背景并为之发展提供了历史性的契机。目前的WTO司法宪法论没有系统论证司法造法引发的宪法化如何生成,而直接诉诸近似机械类比的实证分析,其理论支持显然有待加强。宪法变迁原理及其方法论为WTO司法造法主导的宪法化提供了比较系统的论证,此种宪法化是以司法解释为表象而以宪法惯例为性质的综合体。WTO解释共同体的形成有助于WTO宪法性的共同体建构。
Judicial-based theory of WTO constitutionalism claims that the judicial WTO dispute settlement mechanism provides a constitutionalized path to judicial making and guides the process of WTO’s constitutionalization. The “constitutionalization” of WTO not only establishes a system that can make binding legal decisions, but also develops a constitutional system through judicial interpretation. Compared with WTO constitutionalism and WTO right constitutionalism, WTO judicial constitutionalism focuses on the dominance of judicial dispute settlement mechanism in WTO constitutionalization, and has inspired the self-construction function of WTO judicial construction and the constitutionalization of WTO The impact of discourse, called WTO constitutional third road. However, WTO dispute settlement mechanism ’s “judicial decision ” mode “judicial activism ” and the three disputes of judicial reform become the background of the WTO judicial constitutionalism and provide a historic opportunity for its development. At present, the WTO judicial constitutional law does not systematically demonstrate how the constitutionalization triggered by the judicial making of law is generated. However, the direct support of the empirical analysis of similar mechanical analogies shows that its theoretical support obviously needs to be strengthened. The principle of constitutional change and its methodology provide comparatively systematic proofs for the constitutionalization led by the judicial making of WTO. This kind of constitutionalization is a combination of constitutional conventions with the judicial interpretation as its appearance. WTO to explain the formation of community contributes to the constitutional constitution of the WTO.