论文部分内容阅读
以聚苯胺(PANI)和聚氨酯(PU)等为原料,采用静电纺丝技术,成功制备PU/PANI纳米纤维膜。采用SEM扫描电镜研究了PU/PANI配比、纺丝液浓度、挤出速度等对纤维形貌与结构的影响,并研究了其力学性能、过滤性能以及电学性能。结果表明,当PU/PANI质量配比为10∶1,纺丝液质量浓度为8%,挤出速度为6mL/h时,纺丝效果最佳,制得纳米纤维直径分布较为均匀,约为300~500nm。添加一定量的PANI可提高纺丝液电导率,有助于改善静电纺丝效果,降低纳米纤维直径;PU/PANI纳米纤维膜阻抗比纯聚氨酯纳米纤维小2个数量级,具有优良的抗静电性。在32L/min流量下,对0.3μm的粒子,过滤效率达96.0%以上,是一种优异高效抗静电过滤材料。在易燃易爆、安全过滤、特种工况防护服装中具有潜在的应用前景。
Polyaniline (PANI) and polyurethane (PU) as raw materials, the use of electrospinning technology, the successful preparation of PU / PANI nanofibrous membrane. The effects of PU / PANI ratio, spinning solution concentration and extrusion speed on the morphology and structure of the fibers were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their mechanical properties, filtration properties and electrical properties were studied. The results showed that when the mass ratio of PU / PANI was 10:1, the concentration of spinning solution was 8% and the extrusion speed was 6mL / h, the spinning effect was the best. The diameter distribution of nanofibers was more uniform 300 ~ 500nm. Adding a certain amount of PANI can improve the conductivity of the spinning solution, which can help to improve the electrospinning effect and reduce the diameter of the nanofibers. The impedance of the PU / PANI nanofiber membrane is 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the pure polyurethane nanofibers with excellent antistatic properties . At 32L / min flow rate, 0.3μm particles, filtration efficiency of 96.0% or more, is an excellent high-performance anti-static filter material. In flammable, safe filtration, protective clothing special conditions have potential applications.