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目的 :了解接尘工人工作能力水平及其与肺功能的关系 ,为工作能力影响因素的研究奠定基础。方法 :用“工作能力测量问卷”对 2 13例健康不接尘工人 (对照组 )、30 7例接尘工人 (接尘组 )和 70例尘肺病人 (尘肺组 )的工作能力进行测量 ,同时在参加调查的 5 90例研究对象中测定了 5 13例工人的肺功能。用相关分析和列联表 χ2 检验分析接尘工人肺功能指标与工作能力 (WAI)的相关关系。结果 :工作能力的组间差异有显著性 ;男性接尘工人的肺容量和通气功能指标与WAI呈显著的正相关 ,肺气肿程度与 WAI呈显著的负相关 ;女性接尘工人的所有肺功能指标与 WAI间均无显著的相关关系 ;肺功能指数 (PFT)和 WAI分级间有较好的一致性。结论 :接尘工人肺功能损害可能为工作能力下降的危险因素之一 ,为防止工作能力下降应采取措施保护接尘工人的工作能力。
Objective: To understand the working ability of dust-pick workers and their relationship with lung function, and to lay the foundation for the study on the influencing factors of working ability. Methods: The working ability of 2 13 healthy workers without dust exposure (control group), 30 7 dust-exposed workers (dust-exposed workers) and 70 pneumoconiosis patients (pneumoconiosis patients) was measured with the “Workability Measurement Questionnaire” Five hundred fifty-three study participants surveyed the lung function of 53 workers. Correlation analysis and contingency table χ2 test were used to analyze the correlation between pulmonary function parameters and working ability (WAI) in workers exposed to dust. Results: There was significant difference between groups in working ability; lung capacity and ventilatory function index of male workers exposed to dust had a significant positive correlation with WAI, the degree of emphysema was negatively correlated with WAI; all lungs of female workers exposed to dust There was no significant correlation between functional indexes and WAI. There was good agreement between PFT and WAI grade. Conclusion: Pulmonary function impairment of workers exposed to dust may be one of the risk factors for the decline of working ability. In order to prevent the decline of working ability, measures should be taken to protect the working ability of dust-pick workers.