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目的研究超声波辅助萃取甘草中甘草酸的最佳提取工艺。方法采用3因素4水平L9(34)正交试验法,以甘草酸的含量和得率为考察指标,对超声波辅助萃取甘草中甘草酸的工艺优化。在优选出的超声波辅助萃取最佳工艺条件下,将该法与加热回流法、渗漉法进行比较。结果优选的超声波辅助萃取工艺条件为:药材浸泡4h,用相当于药材重量18倍量的水,超声提取3次。超声波萃取90min甘草酸综合提取率劣低于渗漉提取10h,远高于加热回流6h。结论超声波辅助萃取具有快速、高效、节能的特点,可用于甘草中甘草酸的提取,值得推广。
Objective To study the optimal extraction technology of glycyrrhizic acid by ultrasonic-assisted extraction of licorice. Methods The orthogonal design of L4 (34) with 3 factors and 4 levels was used to investigate the content and yield of glycyrrhizic acid as the index to optimize the extraction process of glycyrrhizic acid in licorice by ultrasonic wave. Under the optimal conditions of ultrasonic assisted extraction, the method was compared with heating reflux method and percolation method. Results The optimal conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction were as follows: the medicinal materials were soaked for 4 h, extracted with water equivalent to 18 times the weight of the medicinal material and sonicated three times. The comprehensive extraction rate of glycyrrhizic acid by ultrasonic extraction for 90min was inferior to that of percolation extraction for 10h, which was much higher than the heating reflux for 6h. Conclusion Ultrasound-assisted extraction has the characteristics of fast, high efficiency and energy saving, and can be used for the extraction of glycyrrhizic acid in licorice, which is worth popularizing.