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Objective: To explore the injury mechanism and treatment principle of open supracondylar fracture of humerus.Methods: The data of 32 patients with open supracondylar fracture of humerus hospitalized in our department in the recent 20 years were analyzed retrospectively. On an average, they were followed up for 30 months. The relationship between the fracture type, situation of wounds, operating time, operating method and time for postoperative functional exercise and final function of elbow joint were evaluated with Flynn scoring standard. Results: Excellent therapeutic effect was found in 14 cases, good in 12 and bad in 6, with the percentage of fine therapeutic effect of 81.25%. Conclusions: For the patients with open supracondylar fracture of humerus, debridement and intal fixation should be made as early as possible, for thorough debridement and correct intal fixation are the key points to improve the prognosis.