目的评估经皮介入治疗大动脉炎所致肺动脉狭窄的安全性和有效性。方法 10例大动脉炎患者,年龄17～48(36.2±9.1)岁,均有肺动脉显著狭窄和中重度肺动脉高压。其中5例伴有主动脉及其主要分支的受累,5例系单纯性肺动脉受累。评估患者术后超声心动图、动脉血气分析和影像学检查的变化情况。结果 10例患者的共13处病变成功行介入治疗,其中9处行单纯球囊扩张术,4处行支架置入术。术后肺动脉狭窄程度变轻、病变处血管直径变宽、肺动脉收缩压和平均压降低,均有极显著统计学差异(P<0.001)。2例患者术中出现咯血,给予对症处理后症状完全缓解。术后随访5～34(20.4±10.3)个月,肺动脉收缩压从(92.4±17.2)mmHg降至(62.7±14.5)mmHg,肺动脉平均压从(45.4±9.2)mmHg降至(27.1±8.3)mmHg,均有极显著统计学差异(P<0.001)。术后随访动脉血氧饱和度从(92.3±3.7)%升至(96.8±1.7)%,亦有极显著统计学差异(P<0.001)。结论本研究表明,经皮介入治疗大动脉炎所致肺动脉狭窄安全有效,其远期疗效和再狭窄需进一步调查。 Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of percutaneous interventional treatment of pulmonary arterial stenosis caused by arteritis. Methods Ten patients with arteritis were aged from 17 to 48 years old (36.2 ± 9.1 years). All of them had significant pulmonary stenosis and moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension. Five of them were involved with the aorta and its major branches, and 5 were simple pulmonary arteries. Assessment of postoperative echocardiography, arterial blood gas analysis and imaging changes. Results Thirteen lesions of 10 patients were successfully treated with interventional therapy. Among them, 9 were treated with balloon dilatation and 4 with stent placement. Postoperative pulmonary stenosis degree of light, lesions at the widening of the vessel diameter, pulmonary artery systolic pressure and average pressure drop, there was a very significant statistical difference (P <0.001). 2 cases of patients with hemoptysis occurred during surgery, symptomatic treatment to give complete relief of symptoms. The pulmonary artery systolic pressure decreased from (92.4 ± 17.2) mmHg to (62.7 ± 14.5) mmHg after 5 ~ 34 (20.4 ± 10.3) months. The mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased from (45.4 ± 9.2) mmHg to (27.1 ± 8.3) mmHg, there is a very significant statistical difference (P <0.001). Follow-up arterial oxygen saturation increased from (92.3 ± 3.7)% to (96.8 ± 1.7)% at follow-up. There was also a statistically significant difference (P <0.001). Conclusion This study shows that percutaneous interventional treatment of aortic inflammation caused by pulmonary stenosis safe and effective, its long-term efficacy and restenosis need further investigation.