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T细胞过继性转移可以增强免疫系统介导的对肿瘤细胞的消除,是近年来获得较高关注的一种特异性、无毒性的癌症新疗法,此方法对于治疗血液性和实体恶性肿瘤具有一定效果。对T细胞进行基因修饰能够增强其免疫能力,保持T细胞的持久活性,同时也可以克服肿瘤自身的免疫逃避机制,潜在提高免疫治疗应用于多种肿瘤疾病的成功率。在T细胞过继转移中,T细胞受体(TCR)基因转移作为一种发展迅速的免疫治疗方法,可以在体外产生大量的具有已知抗原特异性和功能亲和性的T细胞,应用于病毒感染或病毒相关恶性肿瘤的过继细胞免疫治疗。TCR基因转移利用逆转录病毒或慢病毒作为载体,其中包含了从所需抗体特异性T细胞群中克隆得到的TCR-α和TCR-β链基因序列,然后应用TCR编码载体转导体外的原始T细胞。为产生带有所需功能特异性的转导T细胞,引入的TCR-α和TCR-β链必须形成异源二聚体,与CD3复合体结合从而在T细胞表面稳定表达。
The adoptive transfer of T cells can enhance the immune system-mediated elimination of tumor cells, which is a new type of specific and non-toxic cancer therapy that has received more attention in recent years. This method has certain therapeutic value for the treatment of hematological and solid malignant tumors effect. T cell genetic modification can enhance its immune capacity and maintain the long-lasting activity of T cells, but also can overcome the tumor’s own immune evasion mechanism, potentially improving the success rate of immunotherapy applied to a variety of oncological diseases. In adoptive transfer of T cells, T cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer, as a rapidly developing immunotherapy, can produce large numbers of T cells with known antigen-specific and functional affinity in vitro for use in viruses Adoptive cellular immunotherapy for infections or virus-associated malignancies. TCR gene transfer uses retroviruses or lentiviruses as vectors that contain the TCR-alpha and TCR-beta chain gene sequences cloned from the desired antibody-specific T cell population and transduced in vitro using a TCR encoding vector T cells. To generate transduced T cells with the required function specificity, the introduced TCR-α and TCR-β chains must form heterodimers, bind to the CD3 complex and thus stably express on the T cell surface.