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目的了解北京市平谷区峪口镇水痘流行特征,以便掌握水痘的流行状况,为今后制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法收集2007-2012年《中国疾病监测信息管理系统》中报告的水痘临床诊断病例及其患病人群流行病学个案信息,用Epidatade对病例资料进行回顾性数据录入汇总,用Excel 2003进行数据整理和统计分析。结果 2007-2012年北京市平谷区峪口镇共发生水痘病例147例。出疹程度以轻、中度为主,分别占发病人数的57.14%、42.86%。发病时间集中在4~5月份和11~12月份;男女性别比为0.93∶1;以托幼儿童、中小学生为主,占发病总人数的78.23%。突破病例占发病总人数的34.69%,呈现出逐年上升趋势。结论北京市平谷区峪口镇水痘病例分布有明显的季节性,以托幼儿童、中小学生为主,轻型病例、不典型症状可能是集体学校、托幼机构的晨检工作的隐患。新的水痘接种程序的广泛开展,其抗体在人群中的保护率水平,能否降低水痘突破病例发病率,能否更好地控制水痘暴发疫情,减少水痘公共卫生事件的发生是今后有待深入探讨和研究的问题。
Objective To understand the prevalence of chickenpox in Yukou Town, Pinggu District, Beijing, in order to grasp the prevalence of chickenpox and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and treatment strategies. Methods The epidemiological records of chickenpox were collected from China Disease Surveillance Information Management System 2007-2012. Epidemiological data of cases were collected by Epidatade. The data were collected by Excel 2003 And statistical analysis. Results A total of 147 cases of chickenpox were found in Yukou Town, Pinggu District, Beijing from 2007 to 2012. The degree of rash was mainly mild and moderate, accounting for 57.14% and 42.86% of the patients, respectively. The onset time was concentrated in April-May and November-December. The sex ratio of men to women was 0.93:1. The majority of children were children and primary and middle school students, accounting for 78.23% of the total. Breakthrough cases accounted for 34.69% of the total number of cases, showing an upward trend year by year. Conclusions The distribution of chickenpox cases in Yukou Town, Pinggu District, Beijing was obviously seasonal. The main cases were child care and child care and primary and middle school students. The light cases and atypical symptoms may be the hidden dangers of the morning screening of collective schools and nurseries. The new varicella vaccination program is widely carried out, the level of protection of its antibodies in the population can reduce the incidence of cases of chicken pox breakthrough, better control of the outbreak of chicken pox and reduce the occurrence of chickenpox public health events in the future to be further explored And research questions.