Although deep learning methods have been widely applied in medical image lesion segmentation,it is still challenging to apply them for segmenting ischemic stroke lesions,which are different from brain tumors in lesion characteristics,segmentation difficulty,algorithm maturity,and segmentation accuracy.Three main stages are used to describe the manifestations of stroke.For acute ischemic stroke,the size of the lesions is similar to that of brain tumors,and the current deep learning methods have been able to achieve a high segmentation accuracy.For sub-acute and chronic ischemic stroke,the segmentation results of mainstream deep learning algorithms are still unsatisfactory as lesions in these stages are small and diffuse.By using three scientific search engines including CNKI,Web of Science and Google Scholar,this paper aims to comprehensively understand the state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms applied to segmenting ischemic stroke lesions.For the first time,this paper discusses the current situation,challenges,and development directions of deep learning algorithms applied to ischemic stroke lesion segmentation in different stages.In the future,a system that can directly identify different stroke stages and automatically select the suitable network architecture for the stroke lesion segmentation needs to be proposed.