制备了新型固体碱催化剂KNO3/AlSBA-15,并以此催化大豆油与甲醇酯交换反应制备生物柴油,对其工艺条件进行了优化。结果表明:醇油物质的量比为12∶1,催化剂用量为大豆油质量的3%,反应温度65℃,反应时间4 h,生物柴油的产率可达81%以上。该催化剂对酯交换制备生物柴油具有较高的催化活性和良好的重复使用性。 A new type of solid base catalyst KNO3 / AlSBA-15 was prepared and used to catalyze the transesterification of soybean oil and methanol to prepare biodiesel. The process conditions were optimized. The results showed that the ratio of alcohol to oil was 12:1, the amount of catalyst was 3% of soybean oil, the reaction temperature was 65 ℃ and the reaction time was 4 h. The yield of biodiesel was over 81%. The catalyst has high catalytic activity and good reusability for preparing biodiesel by transesterification.