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目的了解甘肃省武威市2~3岁儿童自实施扩大国家免疫规划以来的疫苗接种情况,尤其是2008年后新纳入的扩大国家免疫规划疫苗的接种率情况。方法采用批质量保证抽样方法(LQAS),选取武威市三县一区人口在1万以上的调查单位85个,共调查2009年9月1日—2011年8月31日出生的儿童3 570人。结果 3 570名儿童,其中建卡3 497人、建卡率97.96%,建证3 560人、建卡率99.72%,卡证相符3 146人、相符率88.12%,卡疤实查2 910人、阳性2 803人、卡疤率96.32%;武威市不同县(区)儿童建卡率(χ~2=55.00)、卡证相符率(χ~2=69.44)、卡疤率(χ~2=27.43)差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),不同性别儿童建卡率(χ~2=0.75)、卡证相符率(χ~2=0.14)、卡疤率(χ~2=0.89)差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),汉族和非汉族儿童建卡率(χ~2=3.43)、卡证相符率(χ~2=18.08)、卡疤率(χ~2=7.06)差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);儿童“百白破”疫苗第4剂次接种率(χ~2=4.92)、乙脑第2剂次接种率(χ~2=14.39),不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);男童卡介苗接种率(100.00%)略高于女童(99.69%),不同性别儿童卡介苗接种率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.19,P<0.05)。结论武威市各种疫苗接种率均达到国家要求,但是扩大国家免疫规划新增疫苗接种率较基础疫苗接种率略低,且不同县(区)疫苗接种工作不平衡。
Objective To understand the vaccination situation of children aged 2 ~ 3 years old in Wuwei City, Gansu Province since the implementation of the expanded national immunization program, especially the new vaccination coverage of the national immunization program after 2008. Methods A batch quality assurance sampling method (LQAS) was used to select 85 investigation units with a population over 10,000 in three counties and one district of Wuwei City. A total of 3 570 children born on September 1, 2009 and August 31, 2011 were investigated. Results 3 570 children, of which 3 497 were card-makers, card rate was 97.96%, certificate card was 3 560, rate of card was 99.72%, card number was 3 146, rate of coincidence was 88.12% , 2 803 were positive, and the rate of scar was 96.32%. The rates of card establishment (χ ~ 2 = 69.44), rate of card scar (χ ~ 2 = 27.43) (all P <0.05). The rates of establishing cards in different sex children (χ ~ 2 = 0.75), card matching rate (χ ~ 2 = 0.14) ) Had no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The rates of card establishment (χ ~ 2 = 18.08) and card scars rate (χ ~ 2 = 7.06 ) (P <0.05). The inoculation rate of the fourth dose (χ ~ 2 = 4.92), the second dose of JE 2 (χ ~ 2 = 14.39 (P <0.05). The BCG vaccination rate in boys was slightly higher than that in girls (99.69%). There was significant difference in BCG vaccination rate between boys and girls (χ ~ 2 = 6.19, P <0.05). Conclusion The vaccination rates of all vaccines in Wuwei City meet the requirements of the state, but the vaccination coverage of newly-increased vaccines in the expanded national immunization program is slightly lower than that of the basic vaccines, and the unbalanced vaccination work in different counties (districts) is unbalanced.