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建立了弯曲箱形结构的有限元模型,采用从局部到整体的逐层优化法,对不同焊接方案进行分析,研究了焊接顺序对残余应力的影响规律,进而提出最优焊接方案。结果表明:对于单条焊道,减少瞬时热输入集中的焊接顺序能大幅降低残余拉应力的最大值,降低率达到17.7%;改变焊道间的焊接顺序及焊接方向也能在一定程度上控制残余应力,但是整体焊接顺序的变化并没有显著改变残余应力的大小和分布状况。
The finite element model of curved box structure is established. By using the layer-by-layer optimization method from part to whole, the different welding schemes are analyzed, the influence rules of welding sequence on residual stress are studied, and the optimal welding scheme is proposed. The results show that for a single weld bead, the reduction of the welding sequence with instantaneous heat input can greatly reduce the maximum residual tensile stress, and the reduction rate reaches 17.7%. Changing the welding sequence and the welding direction between weld beads can also control the residual However, the change of the overall welding sequence does not significantly change the size and distribution of residual stress.