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力臂是初中物理中的难点之一,而不能正确找出力臂又是使杠杆平衡条件成为初中物理学习成绩“分化点”的原因之一。探讨这一难点形成的原因、突破此难点的思路及具体措施是本文的兴趣所在。在初中阶段,对于力臂的掌握主要有两个方面:初步理解力臂的意义;掌握力臂的定义及正确画出力臂。教学要求(见《教参》)中未提前者,只对后者提出了明确要求。
The power arm is one of the difficulties in the junior high school physics, and the failure to correctly find the power arm is one of the reasons why the lever balance condition has become the “differentiation point” of junior high school physics learning performance. It is the interest of this article to explore the reasons for this difficulty, the ideas and specific measures to overcome this difficulty. In the junior high school stage, there are two main aspects to the grasp of the arm: to initially understand the meaning of the arm; to grasp the definition of the arm and to draw the right arm. For those who did not advance in the teaching requirements (see “Guidance”), only the latter made clear requirements.