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目的掌握迪庆藏族自治州手足口病发病强度和流行特征,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法分析地区手足口病疫情资料。结果迪庆藏族自治州2009—2013年手足口病年均报告发病率为49.02/10万,各年度报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性手足口病年均报告发病率为55.57/10万,女性为41.70/10万,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男女性别比为1.49∶1。EV71病毒、Cox A16病毒和其他肠道病毒分别占实验室确诊病例的42.95%、32.55%、25.50%。4—6月报告发病数占全年报告发病数的55.10%。散居儿童、幼托儿童报告手足口病病例数分别占全部报告发病数的68.59%、22.35%。0~5岁年龄组报告发病数占发病总数的89.08%。结论迪庆藏族自治州2009—2013年手足口病发病季节高峰明显;以学龄前儿童发病为主;男性发病水平高于女性;呈典型的婴幼儿高发。应做好托幼机构传染病预防控制工作,提高人群对手足口病的防范意识和防控水平;重点做好医院规范化救治与医院感染控制;做好疫情动态监控,准确掌握手足口病高发趋势和聚集性,并及时预警;做好手足口病暴发疫情的应急处理工作,有效防止疫情蔓延。
Objective To grasp the intensity and epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze epidemic situation of HFMD in the area. Results The annual incidence rate of hand-foot-mouth disease in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was 49.02 / lakh from 2009 to 2013, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The annual incidence rate of hand-foot-mouth disease was 55.57 / 100000, and 41.70 / 100000 women, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); the male-female ratio was 1.49:1. EV71, Cox A16 and other enteroviruses account for 42.95%, 32.55% and 25.50% of laboratory confirmed cases respectively. The number of reported cases in April-June accounted for 55.10% of the total number of reported cases in the year. The number of cases of hand-foot-mouth disease in diaspora and kindergarten children accounted for 68.59% and 22.35% of the total reported cases respectively. The reported incidence of 0 ~ 5 age group accounted for 89.08% of the total incidence. Conclusions The peak season of HFMD in 2009 and 2013 in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was obvious. The prevalence of HFMD was mainly in preschool children, and the incidence was higher in males than in females. It is a typical infantile high incidence. Should do a good job nurseries infectious disease prevention and control work to improve the population of hand-foot-mouth disease prevention awareness and prevention and control levels; focus on doing a good job hospital standardized treatment and hospital infection control; do a good job of epidemic situation dynamic monitoring accurately grasp the trend of HFMD And aggregation, and timely warning; good hand-foot-mouth disease outbreaks of emergency response work to effectively prevent the spread of the epidemic.