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在国际疾病分类第九次修订本(ICD-9)中,有一个特殊的分类,叫疾病的“晚期效应”。疾病的晚期效应俗称疾病的“后遗症”,是指原发疾病(或损伤、中毒)的病程已经终止,或已经停止发展,而仍然长期、一年或一年以上)或永久性地存留在患者身上的某些不可逆转的改变,或残留的某些陈旧性的不易痊愈的慢性病变.急性传染病与损伤、中毒的晚期效应还可以在原发疾病终止不足一年即可确认。ICD-9对晚期效应有特指范围,例如:结核病的晚期效应(137),急性脊髓灰质炎的晚期效应(138),其他传染病和寄生虫病的晚期效应(139),佝偻病晚期效应(268.1),颅内脓肿及化脓性感染的晚期效应(326),脑血管病的晚期效应(438),损伤、中毒作用和其他外因的晚期效应(905～909),损伤、中毒晚期效应的外因分类分别为E929,E959,E969,E977,E989,E999。根据ICD-9的编码原则,晚期效应需要二个编码,一个指明原发疾病的残留情况(或称晚期效应的性质),另一个才是真正的晚期效应。晚期效应一般不作为临床资料的主要编码,除非医师未提及晚期效应的性质,即残留的临床表现时,才能作为主要编码。由于ICD-9采用了以病因为主的混合轴心分类法,所以它既适合于死亡原因统计,又适合于医院疾病分类统计。
In the ninth revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9), there is a special category called “late effects” of the disease. The late effects of the disease are commonly referred to as “sequelae of the disease,” meaning that the course of the primary disease (or injury, poisoning) has expired or has ceased to develop while still being long-term, one year or more) or persisting in the patient Some irreversible changes in the body, or residual some of the old chronic diseases are not easy to cure.Acute infectious diseases and injuries, the late effects of poisoning can also be confirmed in less than one year after the termination of the primary disease. ICD-9 has specific ranges for late effects such as late effects of tuberculosis (137), late effects of acute polio (138), late effects of other infectious and parasitic diseases (139), late rickets effects ( 268.1), late effects of intracranial abscess and purulent infection (326), late effects of cerebrovascular disease (438), late effects (905-909) of injury, poisoning and other exogenous factors, injury, external causes of late effects of poisoning Categories were E929, E959, E969, E977, E989, E999. According to the coding principle of ICD-9, late effects require two codes, one indicating the residual condition of the primary disease (or the nature of the late effects) and the other the true late effects. Late effects are generally not the primary source of clinical data, unless the physician does not refer to the nature of the late effect, the residual clinical manifestation, as the primary code. Because ICD-9 uses a mixed-heart-centered classification of the cause, it is suitable for both the cause of death statistics and the classification of hospital diseases.