用两个马铃薯栽培品种“鄂马铃薯 3号”和“甘农薯 2号”的试管薯为供体材料 ,建立了一种农杆菌介导的简单、快速和高效的遗传转化系统。在含有 75mg L卡那霉素的选择培养基上 ,2～ 3周可产生抗性芽 ,4～ 5周获得完整的转基因植株。筛选出了试管薯遗传转化的优化条件 ,特别是在再生培养基中加入 2mg L玉米素 ,两个品种的转化频率分别高达 4 5 .5 %和 4 3.9%。周期短 (4～ 5周 )、一步培养和转化频率高 ,使该转化体系能够广泛用于马铃薯转基因的研究。用含有反义classⅠpatatin基因的表达载体pBSAP转化两个品种 ,共获得 12 0株卡那霉素抗性植株。PCR、PCR Southern和Northern杂交分析证明 ,此反义基因已整合到马铃薯基因组中并在转基因植株中正常转录。反义基因的表达导致部分转基因植株的试管结薯株率和单株结薯数降低。结果表明 ,该classⅠpatatin基因可能参与了块茎形成的调控。 A simple, rapid and efficient genetic transformation system mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens was established with two potato cultivars, “E potato No. 3” and “sweet potato No. 2”, as test materials. On selective medium containing 75 mg L kanamycin, resistant shoots are produced in 2 to 3 weeks and intact transgenic plants are obtained in 4 to 5 weeks. The optimal conditions for the genetic transformation of potato tubers were screened. Especially, 2 mg L zeatin was added into the regeneration medium, and the conversion frequency of the two cultivars was 45.5% and 49.3%, respectively. Short cycle (4 ~ 5 weeks), one-step culture and high frequency of transformation, so that the transformation system can be widely used in potato genetically modified research. A total of 120 kanamycin-resistant plants were obtained by transformation of two cultivars pBSAP with the antisense class I patatin gene. PCR, PCR Southern and Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the antisense gene had been integrated into the potato genome and normally transcribed in the transgenic plants. The expression of antisense gene resulted in the decrease of tuber yield and tuber yield of some transgenic plants. The results showed that the class Ⅰ patatin gene may be involved in the regulation of tuber formation.