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目的调查脑卒中患者主要家庭照顾者的负荷水平,探讨其影响因素,并提出干预对策。方法 160例脑卒中患者和对应的家庭主要照顾者作为研究对象,对患者和主要家庭照顾者进行调查,分析主要家庭照顾者负荷的主要影响因素。结果 160例患者平均功能独立性评定(FIM)评分为(72.1±25.3)分,根据FIM分级标准,其中重度依赖患者39例(24.4%),轻中度依赖70例(43.8%),半独立或基本独立51例(31.9%)。所有照顾者平均负荷评分为(38.7±7.1)分。主要家庭照顾者负荷水平的影响因素包括受教育程度、是否合并慢性病、家庭经济承受能力、每日照顾时间、照顾事项、疾病知识掌握程度和社会支持。相关分析显示,FIM评分与主要家庭照顾者的负荷评分呈现负相关。结论脑卒中患者主要家庭照顾者负荷水平总体偏高,其影响因素较多,需要引起关注,可尝试实施远程干预和家庭整体干预降低照顾者负荷水平。
Objective To investigate the load level of major family caregivers in stroke patients, explore the influencing factors and propose intervention measures. Methods A total of 160 stroke patients and their corresponding primary caregivers were selected as the research object to investigate patients and major family caregivers, and to analyze the main influencing factors of the major home caregivers’ burden. Results The average FIM score was (72.1 ± 25.3) in 160 patients. According to FIM criteria, 39 patients (24.4%) were heavily dependent on the FIM score, 70 patients (43.8%) were mild to moderately dependent, and semi-independent Or almost independent in 51 cases (31.9%). The mean load of all caregivers was (38.7 ± 7.1) points. Factors influencing the main home caregiver load levels include education level, chronic disease co-morbidity, affordability of the family, daily care of time, care matters, disease knowledge mastery and social support. Correlation analysis showed that the FIM score was negatively correlated with the load score of the major family caregivers. Conclusions The main home caregivers in stroke patients generally have a high level of load, which is influenced by many factors and needs attention. Trying to implement remote intervention and family intervention may reduce the workload of caregivers.