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本文主要以毛发为微量物证特例来探讨微量物证的STR分型检验方法及其数据库在交通事故研判中的应用,并对毛发STR分型的影响因素进行分析研究,运用了chelex-100法提取DNA,使用AmpFLSTR (r) Identifiler (r)试剂盒检测样品15个STR基因座和Amelogenin性别基因座的基因型。研究表明,清洗毛发可防止污染,孵育1小时可消化完全毛囊,不用DTT不影响STR分型效果,室温放置半年也不会影响分型效果,成人毛发一般取1根提取DNA后进行STR分型可检测成功,婴幼儿毛囊较小者取2根或3根毛发扩增,或取1根毛发增加DNA模板用量可获得完整分型结果。对于毛发检材稳定、DNA提取方法简单、检材用量易于把握、不必对人体造成再次破坏便能严格公正执法与准确研判事故等优点而言,这一分型检验方法为分析微量物证数据库在交通事故处置实践中的应用奠定了重要基础。
In this paper, we mainly discuss the STR typing test of trace evidence and the application of its database in the traffic accident judgment. The influencing factors of STR typing of hair are analyzed and studied. The chelex-100 method is used to extract DNA , The AmpFLSTR (R) Identifiler (r) kit was used to test the genotypes of 15 STR loci and Amelogenin sex loci in the samples. Studies have shown that washing hair to prevent pollution, 1 hour incubation can digest completely hair follicles, without DTT does not affect the STR typing effect, placed at room temperature for six months will not affect the typing effect, adult hair generally take 1 after the extraction of DNA STR typing Can be detected successfully, infant hair follicles smaller take two or three hair amplification, or take a hair DNA template to increase the amount of the complete typing results. For the stability of the hair samples, DNA extraction method is simple, easy to grasp the amount of samples, without causing damage to the human body will be able to strictly enforce the law and accurately determine the advantages of the accident, the sub-type test method for the analysis of trace evidence database in traffic Accident handling practice has laid an important foundation for the application.