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在超分子主客体作用力中,多点统计作用和多价作用及多配体作用有根本差别,前者对主体的空间形态、尺寸和电子环境没有严格要求,实现起来比较容易。多点统计作用是一种动态几率作用,合理设计主体的电子环境,可以显著增强主客体作用强度;而通过拓扑(几何)环境的设计可以削弱其他分子的统计竞争作用,同样可以显著增强主客体作用,作用常数提高近十万倍。利用多点统计作用可以实现对水中微量和痕量污染物的高效捕捉,包括尺寸较小的重金属离子、染料和那些高度亲油的致癌芳烃;也可用于多肽的分离提取,最低能达到飞摩尔级以下的痕量提取;调控统计作用几率还可以以热力学方式调控客体释放速率。本文就超分子体系中的多点统计作用的应用及特点进行了总结。
In the action of supramolecular host-guest, there are fundamental differences between multi-point statistical functions and multivalent functions and the role of multi-ligands. The former has no strict requirements on the subject’s space shape, size and electronic environment and is easier to realize. The multi-point statistical function is a kind of dynamic probability function. The rational design of the subject’s electronic environment can significantly enhance the strength of host-guest interaction. The topological (geometric) environment design can weaken the statistical competition of other molecules, Role, the role of constant increased nearly ten thousand times. The use of multi-point statistics can achieve the efficient capture of trace and trace contaminants in water, including smaller heavy metal ions, dyes and those highly lipophilic carcinogenic aromatic hydrocarbons; can also be used for the separation of polypeptide extraction, the minimum can reach the fly mole Trace levels below the extraction; the probability of regulation and control of statistical effects can also be thermodynamically controlled object release rate. This article summarizes the applications and features of multi-point statistics in supramolecular systems.