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目的:探讨正念在肿瘤科护士人格特征和心理困扰之间的中介作用。方法:选取山东省肿瘤科护士172名[平均(32±7)岁],采用大五人格问卷(BFI)、正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)、Kessler10量表(K10)调查其人格特征、正念水平及心理困扰情况。采用Bootstrap检验进行中介作用分析。结果:肿瘤科护士的K10平均得分为(22.3±6.5),50.6%的肿瘤科护士存在心理困扰问题。K10得分与BFI的外倾性、宜人性、尽责性得分及MAAS总分均呈负相关(r=-0.29、-0.31、-0.31、-0.48,均P<0.01),而与神经质得分呈正相关(r=0.40,P<0.01)。Bootstrap检验结果显示正念在神经质人格和心理困扰间的95%CI为0.05~0.28,中介效应占总效应的27.1%。结论:肿瘤科护士的人格特征和正念与心理困扰关系密切,正念可以中介神经质人格与心理困扰之间的关系。
Objective: To explore the mediating role of mindfulness in the personality traits and psychological distress of oncology nurses. Methods: A total of 172 oncology nurses in Shandong Province were selected (average 32 ± 7 years old). The personality traits were investigated using the BFI, MAAS, K10, Mindfulness and psychological distress. Bootstrap test for mediating effects. Results: The K10 average score of oncology nurses was (22.3 ± 6.5), and 50.6% of oncology nurses had psychological problems. The K10 score was negatively correlated with the extraversion, pleasantness, due diligence scores and MAAS score of BFI (r = -0.29, -0.31, -0.31, -0.48, all P <0.01), but positively correlated with neuroticism score (r = 0.40, P <0.01). Bootstrap test results showed that the 95% CI of mindfulness between neurotic personality and psychological distress was 0.05 ~ 0.28, and the mediating effect accounted for 27.1% of the total effect. Conclusion: The personality traits and mindfulness of oncology nurses are closely related to psychological distress, and the relationship between neurotic personality and psychological distress can be mediated by righteous thoughts.