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目的分析宁波市鄞州区2014-2015年新生儿疾病筛查结果,掌握新生儿出生缺陷情况。方法选择2014年和2015年鄞州区出生并参加新生儿疾病筛查的所有活产新生儿27 116例,采用干血片法筛查新生儿先天性甲状腺功能减低症(CH)、苯丙酮尿症(PKU)、葡萄糖6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症以及先天性肾上腺皮质增生症(CAH),对于检测可疑病例召回复查诊断,分析新生儿疾病状况。结果 2014-2015年鄞州区共有活产新生儿27 116例,完成筛查27 031例,筛查率为99.69%,两年新生儿疾病筛查率均在99%以上;2014-2015年合计可疑病例1 270例,实际召回1246例,召回率为98.11%;2014-2015年宁波市鄞州区CH检出率为9.62‰、PKU检出率为0.37‰、G-6-PD检出率为26.64‰、CAH检出率为为0.00‰。2014年和2015年各种疾病检出率相比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论宁波市鄞州区活产新生儿疾病筛查及可疑召回率均较高,2014年及2015年新生儿疾病检出率无明显变化。
Objective To analyze the screening results of neonatal diseases in Yinzhou District of Ningbo City during 2014-2015 and to find out the birth defects of neonates. Methods A total of 27 116 live born newborns born in Yinzhou District in 2014 and 2015 were enrolled in this study. Newborn children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and phenylketonuria (PKU), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), and to investigate the suspicious cases for recall and diagnosis and to analyze the neonatal condition. Results A total of 27 116 newborns were alive in Yinzhou District during 2014-2015. 27 031 cases were screened out, with a screening rate of 99.69%. The screening rates of neonatal diseases were both above 99% in 2014-2015. 1,270 cases were actually recalled and the recall rate was 98.11%. The detection rate of CH was 9.62 ‰ in Yinzhou District from 2014 to 2015, the detection rate of PKU was 0.37 ‰, and the detection rate of G-6-PD was 26.64 ‰, the detection rate of CAH is 0.00 ‰. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of various diseases between 2014 and 2015 (P> 0.05). Conclusion Neonatal screening and suspicious recall rate of live birth in Ningbo Yinzhou District are high. There was no significant change in the detection rate of newborns in 2014 and 2015.