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当社会问题成为政府议题之后,对能否形成具体政策影响最大的因素是相关组织体系的组织化程度。美国非政府组织在政府政策出台之前积极展开儿童保护实践,为政策的具体化提供了基础,最终推动了国家政策出台。中国干预儿童虐待政策的形成主要依赖政府的规划和推动,政府主办的儿童服务机构是儿童保护服务的主体,但这些机构没有与儿童虐待问题很好地对接,同时非政府组织也缺乏服务经验和基础。中国儿童虐待干预政策相关组织的低组织化程度延缓和阻碍了政策的出台和执行。解决这一困境的重点是对与儿童虐待问题相关的组织间关系进行调整、培育和增强服务型组织的功能,优化组织间的协调。
When the social issue becomes the government issue, the most influential factor for the formation of a specific policy is the degree of organization of the relevant organizational system. The non-governmental organizations in the United States actively carried out child protection practices before the introduction of government policies, which provided the basis for the concrete implementation of policies and finally promoted the introduction of national policies. The formation of China’s intervention in child abuse policy relies mainly on the government’s planning and promotion. The government-sponsored child service agencies are the mainstay of child protection services. However, these agencies do not have a good interface with child abuse issues, and NGOs lack service experience and basis. The low degree of organization of the organizations concerned with child abuse intervention in China has slowed and hindered the introduction and implementation of policies. The key to resolving this dilemma is to adjust the relations among organizations that are related to child abuse, to foster and enhance the functions of service-oriented organizations and to optimize the coordination among organizations.