论文部分内容阅读
【目的】分析玉米杂交新组合在广西南宁市和马来西亚民都鲁市的种植表现,探讨其对不同环境气候的适应性及稳定性,为选育丰产稳产、适应性广的杂交新品种及种质改良提供参考。【方法】2013年分别在广西南宁市和马来西亚民都鲁市对15个玉米杂交新组合进行试种,以马来西亚品种NK7328为对照,分别调查不同组合生育期、植株性状、果穗性状、籽粒产量及其相关性状等,并进行稳定性和适应性分析。【结果】方差分析结果表明,百粒重、单穗重和穗行数3个性状稳定性较好,而实际产量、生育期、株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、行粒数、秃尖长等性状稳定性较差,易受环境变化的影响。所有参试组合在南宁和民都鲁试点的产量分别为6209.27~10847.01和5041.01~7990.97 kg/ha;除NP6外,参试15个组合在南宁试点的产量比民都鲁试点增加253.00~5147.00 kg/ha,但部分组合的单穗重和百粒重与产量表现不一致;在南宁试点以NP11的产量、单穗重和百粒重最高。在民都鲁试点,NP6的产量、单穗重和百粒重整体表现较高,其次为KJ1226。在南宁和民都鲁试点,参试组合的生育期分别为110.67~120.33和85.67~90.33 d,在南宁试点的生育期比民都鲁试点增加24.33~31.33 d。综合来看,在两试点株高和穗位高均表现较好的玉米杂交组合为12上HP02、NP2、NP6、S126和KJ1226,表现较差的组合为S12A226。S126、12上HP02、NP41、GD1219、NP2在两个试点的丰产性、稳产性和适应性优于其他组合,NP11、NP5在南宁具有较好的丰产性和稳定性,而GA1366在民都鲁丰产性和适应性较好。【结论】S126和12上HP02的丰产性、稳产性和适应性均优于其他组合;杂交组合的遗传特性(基因型)是决定其产量及相关性状是否受环境气候变化影响的主要因素。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to analyze the performance of new combinations of maize hybrids in Nanning City, Guangxi Province and Bintulu City, Malaysia, and to explore their adaptability and stability to different environmental climates. In order to breed new varieties and varieties with wide and stable yield and wide adaptability, Quality improvement for reference. 【Method】 Fifteen maize hybrid combinations were tested in Nanning, Guangxi and Bintulu, Malaysia respectively in 2013. The maize hybrids NK7328 were used as control to investigate the effects of different combinations of growth period, plant characters, ear characters, grain yield, Their related traits, etc., and stability and adaptability analysis. 【Result】 Results of ANOVA showed that the stability of three traits, such as 100-grain weight, single spike weight and ear number per row, was good, but the actual yield, growth period, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, , Bald long and other traits of poor stability, vulnerable to environmental changes. The yield of pilot combinations in Nanning and Bintulu were 6209.27 ~ 10847.01 and 5041.01 ~ 7990.97 kg / ha, respectively. The yield of the 15 combinations tested in Nanning increased from 253.00 to 5147.00 kg / ha. However, some combinations of single panicle weight and 100-grain weight were inconsistent with the yield. In Nanning, the NP11 yield was the highest, with the highest single grain weight and 100-grain weight. In Bintulu pilot project, the NP6 yield, single ear weight and 100-grain weight overall performance were higher, followed by KJ1226. In Nanning and Bintulu, the fertilization period of the combination was 110.67 ~ 120.33 and 85.67 ~ 90.33 d, respectively. The trial period in Nanning increased by 24.33 ~ 31.33 days than that of Bintulu. Taken together, the crosses of HP02, NP2, NP6, S126 and KJ1226 with good performance in both plant height and ear height were 12, and the poorer combination was S12A226. The yield, stability and adaptability of HP02, NP41, GD1219 and NP2 in S126 and 12 were superior to other combinations in the two experimental plots. NP11 and NP5 had a good yield and stability in Nanning, while GA1366 in Bintulu High yield and good adaptability. 【Conclusion】 The yield, stability and adaptability of HP02 in S126 and 12 were better than those in other combinations. The genetic characteristics (genotype) of hybrids in S126 and 12 were the main factors determining whether their yield and related traits were affected by climate change.