第一章考古学的综合性引言考古学现在正处在十字路口上。从六十年代晚期到七十年代早期,在北美考古学的中心舞台上,人们不再是争相解释历史过程而是在讨论新考古学。这是一场公开的论战,其起因在相当程度上是由于在1960年以前的三十多年里考古学的实际资料指数地增加,但资料收集的增多并不能等同于真实知识的增长,资料的综合只是呈现为描述性的、简单化的和推测性的趋势。新考古学作为美国两代人之间冲突的产物,作为对考古学方 The first chapter of the comprehensive archeology Introduction Archeology is now at a crossroads. From the late sixties to the early seventies, on the central North American archeology stage, people stopped arguing about historical processes and discussing new archeology. This is an open controversy that is largely due to the exponential increase of archeology in the thirty years prior to 1960, but the increase in data collection does not amount to an increase in real knowledge. Data The synthesis is only presented as a descriptive, simplistic and speculative trend. The new archeology serves as a product of the conflict between the two generations of the United States as an archeology side