20世纪初 ,西方资本主义国家严重的经济危机和苏俄第一个五年计划的顺利完成 ,促使中国思想界从 30年代起出现了颇具影响的“计划经济”思潮。倡导者既有国民党上层人物也有自由派知识分子 ,均试图以采用政府干预的办法 ,避免出现严重的经济危机和尖锐的社会矛盾 ,把“计划经济”视作人类社会的必由之路。这一思潮导致其后政治上“大政府小社会”的格局 ,也引起人们对于“计划经济”与其赖以实现的政治条件的思考 :“计划经济”必须与民主政治相结合 ,才能真正推进社会生产的发展 At the beginning of the 20th century, the serious economic crisis in western capitalist countries and the successful completion of the first five-year plan in Russia led Chinese thought circles to exert an influential “planned economy” trend from the 1930s. Advocates, both KMT upper-class and liberal intellectuals, are trying to adopt the method of government intervention to avoid serious economic crisis and sharp social contradictions, the “planned economy” as the only way for human society. This trend led to the political “big government small society” pattern, but also caused people to think about “planned economy” and the political conditions that it is to be realized: “planned economy” must be combined with democratic politics, in order to truly promote the society Production development