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人文科学知识处理的核心问题是价值问题,并且从根本上说它就是价值/规范判断。人文科学一直是从价值出发来建构“事实”依据的,文学理论知识也是如此。不管是哪个年代、哪个国家、哪个群体的文学理论,实际上都是从自己的价值规范出发的,它们都是从“好文学”的假定出发建构“文学事实”与“文学特征”。认为传统的文学理论不涉及价值规范是不符合实际的。也就是说,所谓“文学事实”本身,就是因为文学规范陈述在现代性语境中面临的科学化压力而建构的(这种科学化压力来自近代以来自然科学建立的知识霸权)。价值规范的确立从来先于“文学事实”的建构,每个关于文学的规范陈述实际上都能够找到适合自己需要的那些所谓“事实依据”。
The core issue of the humanities knowledge processing is the question of value, and it is fundamentally the value / normative judgment. Humanities has always been based on the value from the construction of “fact” basis, literary theory knowledge as well. No matter which age, which country, which group of literary theory, in fact, are starting from their own values and norms, they are from the “good literature” assumption to construct “literary fact” and “literary features.” It is unrealistic to think that traditional literary theory does not involve value norms. In other words, the so-called “literary fact” itself is constructed because of the scientific pressure that literary normative statements face in the context of modernity (this scientific pressure stems from the intellectual hegemony established by natural science in modern times). The establishment of value norms has always preceded the construction of “literary facts.” Each normative statement about literature can actually find those so-called “factual basis” that suits its own needs.