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目的:研究超临界CO_2萃取柴胡挥发油的工艺,分析并测定提取物的主要成分及其含量。方法:采用正交试验对影响超临界CO_2萃取的各因素进行考察优化;用气相色谱-质谱联用法对挥发油的成分进行分析、鉴定;使用面积归一化法测定各成分相对含量,并与传统的水蒸气蒸馏法进行比较。结果:最佳萃取条件为:萃取压力25MPa、温度55℃,解析釜Ⅰ压力8MPa、温度60℃,解析釜Ⅱ压力6MPa、温度40℃,葶取时间3 h,CO_2流量为30～35 kg/h;经气相色谱-质谱联用法分析,共检出己醛等24种化合物。结论:超临界CO_2萃取产物町更真实、全面地反映柴胡挥发油的化学成分。
Objective: To study the process of extracting volatile oil from Bupleurum chinense by supercritical CO_2, analyze and determine the main components of the extract and its content. Methods: The orthogonal experiments were used to optimize the factors affecting the supercritical CO 2 extraction. The components of the essential oils were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relative contents of the components were determined by the area normalization method. The steam distillation method was compared. Results: The optimum extraction conditions were: extraction pressure 25MPa, temperature 55°C, analytical kettle I pressure 8MPa, temperature 60°C, analytical kettle II pressure 6MPa, temperature 40°C, extraction time 3 h, CO 2 flow rate 30-35 kg/ h; analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, a total of 24 compounds such as hexanal were detected. Conclusion: The supercritical CO 2 extraction product produces a more realistic and comprehensive reflection of the chemical constituents of the volatile oil of Bupleurum chinense.