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目的:了解综合性三甲医院不同年龄医护人员的自我效能感和防御方式现状,探讨自我效能感与防御方式的相关性,为有效提高医护人员自我效能感提供理论依据。方法:选取某地区3所综合性三甲医院302名医护人员,采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)和防御方式问卷(DSQ)分别对其自我效能感状况和防御方式进行调查研究。结果:医护人员自我效能感总体得分较高,70.2%医护人员属于自我效能感较高人群。72.85%医护人员倾向于选择成熟防御方式。不同年龄医护人员在自我效能感得分上存在显著差异(F=27.432,P<0.01),而在防御方式中仅在不成熟防御方式上差异显著(F=18.760,P<0.01)。自我效能感与防御方式的关系研究显示,医护人员自我效能感较低者在不成熟防御方式上得分显著高于自我效能感较高者(t=3.407,P<0.01),而在成熟防御方式上得分则显著低于自我效能感较高者(t=-2.590,P<0.05)。此外,成熟防御方式得分与自我效能感呈显著正相关(r=0.163,P<0.01),不成熟防御方式得分则与自我效能感呈显著负相关(r=-0.252,P<0.01)。结论:医护人员的自我效能感与其特定的防御方式密切相关,发展成熟的防御方式有利于提高自我效能感,维护其身心健康。此外,不同年龄医护人员自我效能感与防御方式情况存在差异,可采取针对性的干预措施。
Objective: To understand the status quo of self-efficacy and defense of health care workers of different age groups in comprehensive A-level hospitals, to explore the correlation between self-efficacy and defensive mode, and to provide a theoretical basis for effectively improving the self-efficacy of medical staff. Methods: A total of 302 medical staffs from 3 comprehensive top three hospitals in a certain area were selected to investigate their self-efficacy status and defensive mode using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and Defensiveness Questionnaire (DSQ). Results: The total score of self-efficacy of medical staff was higher, and 70.2% of them were self-efficacy. 72.85% Medical staff tend to choose a mature defense mode. There was a significant difference in self-efficacy scores among FHs at different ages (F = 27.432, P <0.01), but only in immature defenses in defensive ways (F = 18.760, P <0.01). The study on the relationship between self-efficacy and defense style shows that the lower score of self-efficacy of health care workers in immature defense is significantly higher than the higher self-efficacy (t = 3.407, P <0.01) The score was significantly lower than the higher self-efficacy (t = -2.590, P <0.05). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between score of mature defense and self-efficacy (r = 0.163, P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between score of immature defense and self-efficacy (r = -0.252, P <0.01). Conclusion: The self-efficacy of health care workers is closely related to their specific defense style. The developed defense style helps to improve the self-efficacy and maintain their physical and mental health. In addition, there are discrepancies between self-efficacy and defense modes of health care workers of different ages, and targeted interventions can be taken.