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解决实际问题一般遵循“理解题意—分析数量关系—列式解答—检验反思”四个基本步骤,其中,理解题意是前提。因此,要重视培养学生的审题能力,帮助学生弄清题目的情节和数量关系,分析已知条件和所求问题,将“事理化”的实际问题转化为“数理化”的数学问题。具体策略包括:收集数学信息,把握问题主旨;理解数量关系,内化问题本质,等等。
To solve practical problems, we generally follow the four basic steps of “understanding questions - analyzing quantitative relationships - column solutions - testing reflections,” of which the understanding of questions is the premise. Therefore, we should attach great importance to cultivating students’ abilities of examining questions, helping students to clarify the relationship between the plot and the number of questions, analyzing the known conditions and the problems they seek, and translating the actual problem of “rationalization” into “mathematical and mathematical” mathematics problem. Specific strategies include: collecting mathematical information, grasping the theme of the problem; understanding the relationship between quantity, internalization of the nature of the problem, and so on.