1879~1884年,智利与玻利维亚、秘鲁为争夺南太平洋沿岸阿塔卡马沙漠硝石产地而爆发战争,在历史上通常被称为“南美太平洋战争”。这场战争的结局对于智利、秘鲁、玻利维亚3个参战国的近现代历史产生了延续至今的深远影响:战胜国智利基本占据了可带来巨额财富的阿塔卡马地区,为战后国家经济发展提供了新的增长动力;战败国秘鲁失去了南部大片资源丰富的国土,“鸟粪经济”繁荣从此终结并导致国内政局的长期动荡;战败国玻利维亚则失去了宝贵的出海口而成为内陆国,给玻利维亚的国家现代化进程带来了严重束缚和负面影响。 Between 1879 and 1884, Chile and Bolivia and Peru war broke out in the fight for the origin of saltpeter in the Atacama desert of the South Pacific coast. They were commonly referred to as the “South Pacific war” in history. The outcome of this war has had a far-reaching impact on the modern history of the three participating countries in Chile, Peru and Bolivia: the conquering country Chile basically occupies the Atacama area which can bring huge amounts of wealth and provides post-war economy for post-war countries Development provided a new impetus for growth; the defeated nation of Peru lost a large area of ​​rich resources in the southern part of the country and the “bird droppings economy” boom thus ended and led to long-term political turmoil in the country. The defeated State of Bolivia lost its precious sea of ​​exit and became Landlocked countries have created serious constraints and negative impacts on the country’s modernization process in Bolivia.