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台湾的住宅体系建立在自由市场的架构之上,政府的干预手段在于强化住宅的商品性质,以提高房屋自有率为首要目标。在此制度设计下,台湾的住宅有三个特色:高自有率﹑高房价和高空屋率。本文探讨台湾为何会建构出一个极度商品化和自由市场的住宅体系。以政治经济的分析来回顾台湾住宅政策的发展历程,将台湾的国民住宅政策发展分为三个阶段来分析,最后则探讨目前这个商品化的制度下造成的问题,以及2010年兴起的社会住宅运动。
Taiwan’s housing system is based on a free-market structure, and the government’s intervention is to strengthen the nature of the commodity in the home, with the primary objective of increasing the ownership of housing. Under this system design, Taiwan’s housing has three characteristics: high self-owned rate, high price and high-rise rate. This article explores why Taiwan constructed an extremely commodified and free-market residential system. From the political and economic analysis, we can review the development history of Taiwan’s housing policy, analyze the development of Taiwan’s national housing policy in three phases, and finally discuss the problems caused by the current commercialization system and the social housing movement.