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市场经济是需求约束性经济,社会总需求决定着社会经济运行。除政府支出外,社会总需求由消费需求与投资需求两部分组成。消费需求的运行特点取决于经济制度和体制。消费需求不仅构成总需求的重要组成部分,而且,通过传递效应决定投资需求。同时,投资需求又有自身的倍加效应,并且周期性运行。这些因素共同决定了社会总需求(除政府支出外)并导致社会经济周期运行。
Market economy is a demand-constrained economy. The total social demand determines the operation of society and economy. In addition to government spending, the total social demand by the consumer demand and investment needs of two parts. The operational characteristics of consumer demand depend on the economic system and system. Consumption demand not only constitutes an important part of aggregate demand, but also determines investment demand through the effect of transmission. At the same time, investment demand has its own multiplier effect and runs cyclically. Together, these factors determine the aggregate social needs (excluding government spending) and lead to the operation of the social economy.