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通过田间试验,研究了东南烟区烤烟主栽品种K326、云烟85、翠碧1号在不同打顶处理条件下,烟叶产、质量和生物碱组成含量的变化。研究结果表明,适当推迟打顶,烟叶的落黄较快,烟株较高,节距较长,有利于改善中下部叶的通风透光条件,易形成“腰鼓形”烟株。而且处理后的上部烟叶的比例和密度降低、厚度适中、组织结构较疏松、烟碱含量和微量生物碱与生物碱总量的比例及刺激性降低,整株、特别是上部烟叶的可用性得到提高。
The field experiment was conducted to study the changes of the yield, quality and alkaloid content of tobacco leaves under different topping conditions in the main tobacco varieties K326, Yunyan85 and Cuibi1 in the southeast tobacco area. The results showed that the appropriate delay of topping, the falling yellow of tobacco was faster, the tobacco plant was higher and the pitch was longer, which was beneficial to improve the ventilation and light conditions of middle and lower leaves, and easy to form the “drum-shaped” tobacco plant. Moreover, the proportion and density of the treated upper leaf decreased, the thickness was moderate, the structure was loose, the ratio of nicotine and the ratio of alkaloid to total alkaloids and irritation decreased, and the usability of the whole plant, especially the upper leaf, was improved .