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对太平天国乡官制度的研究,传统的阶级分析论观点过分拘泥在乡官的阶级成分上,并以此为基础判定政权的性质。其实,以历史当事人的视角去认识当时的政策,是一种更客观的研究角度。太平天国任用乡官的标准,是建立在太平天国地方行政的政治需要之上的。出于以征收粮赋为重点的传统地方行政的需要,太平天国着意与精通传统行政事务的地方名流合作。从社会功效角度来看,太平天国当局通过发挥地方人士的行政优势,很好地弥补了自身行政经验的不足,成功影响了地方政治,并有效缓冲了自身对农村社会的冲击。
The study of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom system of township officials, the traditional view of class analysis is too rigid on the class composition of the township officials, and on the basis of this determine the nature of the regime. In fact, it is a more objective research perspective to understand the then policy from the perspective of the historical parties. The Taiping Heavenly King’s appointment of township officials was based on the political needs of the local administration of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Due to the need of traditional local administration focusing on the acquisition of grain and food, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is intended to cooperate with local celebrities who are proficient in traditional administrative affairs. From the point of view of social function, Taiping Heavenly Kingdom authorities, by giving play to the administrative superiority of local people, made up for the deficiencies of their own administrative experience, successfully affected local politics and effectively cushioned their own impact on rural society.